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Researchers analyze melting glaciers and water resources in Central Asia

Public release date: 29-Jul-2012
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Contact: Annina Sorg
annina.sorg@unige.ch
41-316-318-772
Universit de Genve

After the fall of the Soviet Union twenty years ago, water distribution in Central Asia became a source of conflict. In areas where summer precipitation is low, glaciers play an important role when considering the quantity of available water. The Tien Shan region is a prime example; mountain glaciers in this region contribute significantly to the fresh water supply in the arid zones of Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Northwestern China. Like Switzerland, Kyrgyzstan serves as a water tower for its neighboring countries.
While the impact of climate change on glaciation and water flow in the Tien Shan Mountains has already been the subject of studies, a consistent and local perspective of collected data has never before been presented. The results of this research, led by the l'UNIGE, show that the retreat of glaciers is more pronounced in peripheral areas, where summers are dry and melting ice and snow are key sources of water.
Glaciers are losing their surface every year
The glaciers in the Tien Shan Mountains cover a surface of over 15,000 square kilometers, equivalent to one third of the surface area of Switzerland. In recent decades, these glaciers have lost between 0.1% and 0.8% of their surface per year; a decrease comparable to that of alpine glaciers. The largest retreat was observed on the periphery of the Tien Shan Mountains, near the major cities of Almaty, Bishkek, Tashkent and rmqi. "In the summer, glaciers are the only source of fresh water for irrigation and household consumption in these regions," said Annina Sorg, first author of the study and researcher at the ISE (UNIGE) and at the Institute of Geology of Bern University. "The intensification of glacial melting strongly affects the quantity and seasonal distribution of water. Initially, the retreat of glaciers is going to increase the available water resources, but if precipitation doesn't compensate for the losses related to glacial retreat, the reduction of glacier volume will eventually reduce the amount of available water."
The researchers proceeded to analyze a series of measurements based on many parameters related to climate, glaciers, and streamflow in order to compare this data with existing information. Although these studies have revealed a clear tendency toward a reduction in streamflow during the summer, the impact of melting glaciers on the annual flow remains unclear. "Many factors can have an influence on water quantity," explains Annina Sorg. "Precipitation level, evaporation, and even human interference on the hydrological cycle are all factors to consider."
Long-term projections
The scenarios envisioned by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predict a 4% to 8% increase in winter precipitation in Central Asia by 2050. Summer precipitation, however, will decrease by 4% to 7%, which will exacerbate the drought during the summer. Especially since, according to estimates, temperatures could rise by almost 4C in the next forty years.
According to projections, the Tien Shan Mountain glaciers will continue to lose their surface and volume in the coming decades.
In summary, certain Central Asian streams would move from a glacio-nival hydrological regime to a pluvio-nival regime, which would increas uncertainty regarding interannual variations in water levels, since they would be largely dependent on precipitation. Economic and political tensions in this area of the world would be added to the potentially disastrous environmental consequences.

###
The ACQWA project
ACQWA (Assessing Climate Impacts on the Quantity and quality of WAter, 2008-2013) is a European project which aims to quantify the influence of climatic change on river discharge and to analyse the impact on society and economy in mountainous regions such as the Alps, the Andes and the Tien Shan mountains. Coordinated by professor Martin Beniston and his team at the UNIGE, ACQWA gathers 35 research teams in Europe, Central Asia and South America and benefits from a 11 million swiss francs budget. www.acqwa.ch

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Researchers analyze melting glaciers and water resources in Central Asia Public release date: 29-Jul-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Annina Sorg
annina.sorg@unige.ch
41-316-318-772
Universit de Genve

After the fall of the Soviet Union twenty years ago, water distribution in Central Asia became a source of conflict. In areas where summer precipitation is low, glaciers play an important role when considering the quantity of available water. The Tien Shan region is a prime example; mountain glaciers in this region contribute significantly to the fresh water supply in the arid zones of Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Northwestern China. Like Switzerland, Kyrgyzstan serves as a water tower for its neighboring countries.
While the impact of climate change on glaciation and water flow in the Tien Shan Mountains has already been the subject of studies, a consistent and local perspective of collected data has never before been presented. The results of this research, led by the l'UNIGE, show that the retreat of glaciers is more pronounced in peripheral areas, where summers are dry and melting ice and snow are key sources of water.
Glaciers are losing their surface every year
The glaciers in the Tien Shan Mountains cover a surface of over 15,000 square kilometers, equivalent to one third of the surface area of Switzerland. In recent decades, these glaciers have lost between 0.1% and 0.8% of their surface per year; a decrease comparable to that of alpine glaciers. The largest retreat was observed on the periphery of the Tien Shan Mountains, near the major cities of Almaty, Bishkek, Tashkent and rmqi. "In the summer, glaciers are the only source of fresh water for irrigation and household consumption in these regions," said Annina Sorg, first author of the study and researcher at the ISE (UNIGE) and at the Institute of Geology of Bern University. "The intensification of glacial melting strongly affects the quantity and seasonal distribution of water. Initially, the retreat of glaciers is going to increase the available water resources, but if precipitation doesn't compensate for the losses related to glacial retreat, the reduction of glacier volume will eventually reduce the amount of available water."
The researchers proceeded to analyze a series of measurements based on many parameters related to climate, glaciers, and streamflow in order to compare this data with existing information. Although these studies have revealed a clear tendency toward a reduction in streamflow during the summer, the impact of melting glaciers on the annual flow remains unclear. "Many factors can have an influence on water quantity," explains Annina Sorg. "Precipitation level, evaporation, and even human interference on the hydrological cycle are all factors to consider."
Long-term projections
The scenarios envisioned by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predict a 4% to 8% increase in winter precipitation in Central Asia by 2050. Summer precipitation, however, will decrease by 4% to 7%, which will exacerbate the drought during the summer. Especially since, according to estimates, temperatures could rise by almost 4C in the next forty years.
According to projections, the Tien Shan Mountain glaciers will continue to lose their surface and volume in the coming decades.
In summary, certain Central Asian streams would move from a glacio-nival hydrological regime to a pluvio-nival regime, which would increas uncertainty regarding interannual variations in water levels, since they would be largely dependent on precipitation. Economic and political tensions in this area of the world would be added to the potentially disastrous environmental consequences.

###
The ACQWA project
ACQWA (Assessing Climate Impacts on the Quantity and quality of WAter, 2008-2013) is a European project which aims to quantify the influence of climatic change on river discharge and to analyse the impact on society and economy in mountainous regions such as the Alps, the Andes and the Tien Shan mountains. Coordinated by professor Martin Beniston and his team at the UNIGE, ACQWA gathers 35 research teams in Europe, Central Asia and South America and benefits from a 11 million swiss francs budget. www.acqwa.ch

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-07/udg-ram072712.php
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The song, one of the first Bieber produced himself, is 'really, really dope,' according to will.i.am, who got an exclusive preview.
By Jocelyn Vena

<a href="http://www.mtv.com/music/artist/gomez__selena/artist.jhtml">Selena Gomez</a> might not be using her next album as a <a href="http://www.mtv.com/music/artist/bieber_justin/artist.jhtml ">Justin Bieber</a> "tell-all," but that doesn't mean she's ruled out having her beau write a tune or two for her as she preps work on the 2013 release.News of the duo's musical collaboration came via another artist <a href="/news/articles/1690336/will-i-am-justin-bieber-willpower-album.jhtml">Bieber recently worked with, will.i.am</a>. "He taps me on the shoulder ... 'Yo, I want to show you this song I produced and wrote. I'm really excited about it because it's one of the first songs I produced by myself,' " his pal shared in an interview with "New Music Live," <a href="http://www.aceshowbiz.com/news/view/00052602.html" target="_blank">Ace Showbiz</a> reports. The Black Eyed Peas' leading man then gave the track, which Bieber played for him, two thumbs up.<div class="player-placeholder right" title="Selena Gomez Wants To Collaborate With Fun. And Taylor Swift" id="vid:790228" width="415" height="255"></div>"The song was dope," <a href="http://www.mtv.com/music/artist/will_i_am/artist.jhtml">will.i.am</a> said. "He was like, 'Yeah, I wrote it for Selena. It's great.' And it was really awesome. It was really, really dope."In June, Gomez made it clear that she won't be singing specifically <a href="/news/articles/1688387/selena-gomez-sun-goes-down-album-justin-bieber.jhtml">about Bieber on this next release</a>: "It's not going to be necessarily, 'Here's my tell-all,' " she said. "It's going to be more of something that people could say, 'It could be that or it could be this or it could be that.' At the end of the day, I only make my music because I want it [to] be really fun, and if I could have people dance to it, relate to it, have a good time, that's all I want."In addition to her boyfriend, Gomez has reportedly also worked with Toby Gad and Rock Mafia. A release date for the next batch of tunes has yet to be announced.<a href="http://www.mtv.com/photos/?fid=1617615"><img src="http://www.mtv.com/news/photos/s/spotted/banner/spotted.jpg"></a>

Related Artists

Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1690653/justin-bieber-writes-song-selena-gomez.jhtml

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I had a dream I owned a bird, a playful little swallow,
And everywhere I seemed to go, this bird did seem to follow.
I'd stroke his beak, he'd sing for me, and whistle loud and clear.
Yet this bird that I did love was cause for all that I now fear.

For through this bird I found we spread a most peculiar thing;
A plague upon mankind did this small bird appear to bring.
Where I would walk, and he would too, they'd drop dead left and right,
his airborne pathogen did seem to cause their mighty plight.

I stayed inside with birdie-dear, whose name I can't recall,
And watched outside as everyone would stumble, groan, and fall.
But fallen though they seemed they proved that dead they would not stay,
For after but an hour, they would rise again to prey.

These things, no longer flesh and blood, did terrorize the rest,
Those frightened few that pathogen had not seemed to infest.
With teeth and claws and screams they would devour all in sight,
But their hunger went unsated, and they feasted through the night.

We did hide for a time unsure of what we should next do,
that bird and I who'd seemed to be the cause for this new flu.
But we grew hungry too and knew we could no longer wait
For all these monsters to die off or their hunger to abate.

So taking up my crowbar we did leave our wretched home
And smashed in every skull of every horror that did roam.
We'd pillage stores and houses for whatever we could find,
But tried as though we did, we never found our peace of mind.

And so all our days were spent simply fighting to survive,
And all our nights I'd cower until morning would arrive.
And through the nights did I but question one imposing thing;
How did I escape the death my feathered friend did seem to bring?

My physicality had ne'er before proven itself a boon.
I was lanky, pale, and scrawny, and yet somehow was immune?
How had I, of all plain people, survived my little birdie's curse?
And so one night I did ask him, put my rhetoric in verse.

I said "Birdie-dear, you do not know of all the death you've wrought,
All the sickness and the suffering your tiny frame has brought.
You've pushed mankind to extinction, and I fear I'm all that's left,
And I wonder how, alone, I've lived through all you have bereft."

"Could it be that you're protecting me for giving you my care?
Could it be my simple love for you has spared me this affair?
I know you cannot answer, but I'd really like to know
How through thick and thin I've persevered through sickness, death, and woe?"

To my surprise, he answered me, his little voice like mine.
It appeared as though our intellects had somehow intertwined.
And what "he" said still haunts me, even though I'm now awake.
He'd cooed, "My dear, this event did you for I beseech to make."

"This nightmare I have wrought was brought upon by none but you,
These hellions' affliction did your rage and hatred stew.
My part in this was nothing more than outlet for your deed,
Within you did it fester, and through me your anger freed."

"Before you thought that no man could appease your troubled mind.
They were vile, they were selfish; even worse, they were your kind.
I saw the burden all the animus within you had but placed,
And so all your loathing did I seek to have erased."

"The method, though perverse, has done for you a twisted deed;
Through the annihilation of your race, of your antipathy you're freed.
No longer is there man for you to hate, loathe, or despise,
For all that you have ever scorned has met its sad demise."

"Though inherently you did not hate all men, you will still find
That within them lurked those traits that, like the others, had maligned.
Now you are all that's left to speak for what your hate has bred,
And alone you will remain until you, yourself, are dead."

And with that, I crushed my little bird, 'til all his bones did break,
Even though inside I knew that it was not his voice that spake.

I had a dream I owned a bird, a playful little swallow,
And everywhere we seemed to go, soon death did seem to follow.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/RolePlayGateway/~3/Ocx8ihawRes/viewtopic.php

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The most obvious is that you, the parents, to tailor education specifically targeted at special needs of your child makes. Also allows you to teach in a style that fits your child ? as we all know, different people learn better in different ways. When you decide to homeschool is important to remember that and be a parent, you are now taking over the role of the teacher. This is of course no responsibility to be taken lightly, and you should make every effort to provide the best teacher you can be.

Everyone has the experience of having good and bad teachers. If you stop and think about it, I think you see some things that you are good teachers who have in common. The important thing is that they are really interested in their field. Nothing makes a better teacher than the enthusiasm for the subject. I think you?ll also notice that most of you have a bad teacher is not interested in the subject they teach. It is for this reason it is important that the experience of homeschooling that interest you and your child.

While your child?s education should come first when creating curriculum homeschooling, you will not be ashamed to think about your own education as well. When we look at things to learn in specific subject areas, think about the things you?re interested in activities that you could not so much to discover as you like when you were at school.

It can not be underestimated how valuable experience is to learn with your child. You will strengthen family bonds, and mutual interest and excitement in the subject make sure your child to retain the information. One way to do this is to understand the balance between rigidity and flexibility in homeschooling curriculum.

A certain amount is needed in the general curriculum formalness: You have a purpose and a plan in which certain things must be learned. But their schedule, you have a high degree of flexibility, and you must use it to your advantage. When studying literature, for example, understand that the goal is to read good literature and learning, not necessarily to a particular book. So instead of studying the ?standard? new you have read, consider a new book for you. With both you and your child are interested in the book, the experience of reading together are fun for both of you because you are both satisfied with the outcome.

This concept does not apply only to the literature, think of things in science or music, for example that you always wanted to know about. If you are sure that you are interested in the subject well, your child will feel your enthusiasm and interest in the topic, provide a more valuable educational experience.

Source: http://www.michaelgrattan.com/2012/07/homeschooling-has-many-advantages-for-the-education-of-children.html

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Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

Source: http://video.msnbc.msn.com/cnbc/48358334/

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There is nothing more broken than the payments/banking system, which makes me and everybody else root for payments (and more!) startup Simple (formerly BankSimple). We all hate our banks and, especially if you are in SF, we constantly hope that the future will be better. And, again if you're like me, Simple is your great white hope: A Mint that won't sell out and actually is responsible for your money, a banking interface that actually makes interacting with the your lifetime quantitative?value enjoyable and intelligible? Sure, count us in.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/Ly_nGDi63lo/

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Home ? Administration ?

Small businesses are responsible for employing half of all private sector jobs and have created 65% of all jobs over the last two decades. That?s why it is amazing that Obama would alienate such a large part of the American electorate with his now infamous, ?You didn?t create that? comment in Roanoke, VA last week.

Looking beyond the biggest campaign misstep of the year, however, it?s clear that President Obama has never been FOR the private sector, especially small business. His promise that we would never cross the 8% unemployment threshold has now been a proven lie for over 3 years straight as over 23 million are unemployed, underemployed, or have just given up looking.

Much of this can be attributed to businesses not sure how to proceed with Obama at the helm.? With the Bush tax cuts about to expire, high gas prices, and more government regulation than ever, small business is looking for an advocate in the White House, not another obstacle. They want stability so they can get back to hiring and producing.

House Majority Whip, Rep. Kevin McCarthy recently put out this video which highlights the story of Arnie Kaufman and his Ohio based manufacturing business. Acting as a case study for small business in general, Kaufman explains that as capital is swallowed up by a rise in taxes and an expansion of regulation the growth of his business is directly and adversely affected.

While the Obama administration claims that the expiration of the Bush tax cuts will have minimal effects on the small business community, the numbers paint a different picture. If all Bush tax cuts are allowed to expire, over 80% of people will see their taxes increase. Even if some compromise is reached with only the top brackets losing the tax breaks, small businesses are sure to feel the effects.

Ideally, the tax cuts would be made permanent or given a long-term extension to provide businesses an idea of how to best plan and move forward. Even a one-year extension is obviously better than expiration. As Obama himself has said, ?the last thing you want to do is raise taxes during a recession because that would just take more demand out of the economy put businesses in a further hole.? Maybe the President can take his own advice.

Source: http://www.westernfreepress.com/2012/07/27/the-government-is-destroying-small-business-innovation-through-taxes-and-regulation/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-government-is-destroying-small-business-innovation-through-taxes-and-regulation

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Courtesy of the Gettysburg Convention & Visitors Bureau

The Gettysburg National Military Park frequently hosts "living history" weekends, when volunteers, in full costume, re-create skirmishes.

By Ann Shields, Travel + Leisure

No matter how compelling a Ken Burns documentary can be, nothing beats standing on a Civil War battlefield for bearing witness to those four bloody years.

Slideshow: See the best Civil War sites

?Antietam?s the most evocative and scary battle site I?ve ever been to, and the only place I?ve ever felt a ?presence,?? says John Barton, a Virginia photographer and Civil War junkie. ?Much is the same as that day: there are still surrounding farms and unspoiled views of the Blue Ridge, so seeing the famous landmarks ? the Cornfield, the Sunken Road ? has a devastating power.?

Millions of Americans seek out that kind of visceral connection at Civil War sites annually, and the next few years are the time to visit as special events commemorate the conflict?s 150th anniversary. The National Park Service set up a?dedicated website?and launched a Twitter feed,?@CivilWarReportr, that tracks the war?s development (?June 27, 1862: Our line gives way! We flee for the bridges to our rear as the cavalry attempts to stop the advance and save our artillery?; ?July 7: A found newspaper reports the Federals have levied a tax on income above $600. Someone must pay for this war?).

For play-by-play commentary on the battlefield, you can hire an NPS-licensed guide at Gettysburg or Vicksburg to ride along for two-hour car tours. Parks also typically offer self-guided tours and orientation films and, on summer weekends, invite reenactors to stage skirmishes, decked out with muskets and wool uniforms. Check park websites to schedule your visit to coincide with the reenactments (or not ? a few lonesome hours spent walking the battlefields can be at least as instructive).

The savagery leading up to the war demands revisiting, too: the Slave Trail in Richmond, Va., goes past slave markets, burial grounds and the Devil?s Half-Acre, a jail for ?uncooperative? slaves (operated by a man married to a free African American wife!). In Harpers Ferry, W.V., the righteous anger of those who opposed slavery is palpable at John Brown?s Fort, where a band of abolitionists held federal troops at bay.

You don?t need to be a history buff to get caught up by these vivid stories. So whether you?re planning a road trip dedicated to the Civil War, or just detouring on the way elsewhere, be warned: you may be in for a lifelong obsession.

More from Travel + Leisure

Source: http://itineraries.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/07/12/12704942-best-civil-war-sites?lite

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Debt Management Services and Financial Health Check-up Services

Let's understand what is debt: When you borrow money from someone individual or from bank as a loan, it is called as debt, debt will be Nil only when you re-pay all the money back. If you are finding it difficult to re-pay then you have a problem and you should work out to fix this issue.

Let's understand what is debt management: Dept management is to manage our debt effectively and re-pay the debt without affecting our finance. For effective debt management, budgeting is required, without budgeting (Income and Expenditure calculation) you may get into financial crisis.

Many people requires to take loans to setup business, buy home, buy car, for higher education etc. But some may not be able to re-pay the loan due to worst circumstances.

If you have taken any loan and finding it difficult to re-pay or having difficult in managing your finances, then you should go for your financial health check, like we do our health check-up. Our financial health directly or indirectly impacts our physical health.?

If you do not want to pay for financial health check then do an income and expense calculation in excel sheet and plan your finance in a way that stop spending unusual (not required) things.

Our Legal Rights:
As per RBI Rule, debt collectors team cannot use unfair, deceptive, or abusive language behaviour to collect debt from anyone. You can take help of your lawyer.

Check out testimonials of people who had faced financial crisis.
Click here to apply for Credit Information Report (CIR) Online from Credit Bureau either CIBIL, Experian or Equifax to know how much loan you can get and also check if their is any error, mistakes in credit information report. CIR Report cost 470/- Rs.
CIBIL Stands for Credit Information Bureau (India) Limited.

Services	Price
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I think everyone should apply and get the CIR Report first before applying for any loan, people who own credit card or had credit card previously also should apply for CIR report to know if their is anything outstanding (pending) which you might not be aware of.?

I think debt management is must for everyone.

Source: http://www.jesoba.com/2012/07/debt-management-services.html

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Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

Source: http://guidelines-to-health-fitness.blogspot.com/2012/07/an-olympic-athletes-diet.html

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